5 things to know before the stock market opens Friday, Oct 1

Here are the most important news, trends and analysis that investors need to start their trading day:

Dow futures rose 100 points Friday, reversing an earlier sharp decline, on the first day of October after the worst month of the year. Premarket trading turned on good trial news on Merck‘s oral Covid treatment. Dow stock Merck surged nearly 8%.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average, which fared relatively better than the S&P 500 and Nasdaq in last week’s plunge, suffered the most severe slide Thursday, down 1.6%. The S&P 500 fell about 1.2%. The Nasdaq, getting some relief from retreating bond yields, dropped 0.4%.

• For September, the Dow fell 4.3%; the S&P 500 fell nearly 4.8%; and the Nasdaq fell 5.3%.
• For the third quarter, which also ended Thursday, the Dow dropped 1.9%; the S&P 500 gained 0.2%; and the Nasdaq fell 0.4%.
• However, all three benchmarks were still solidly higher for the year, with respective gains of roughly 10.6%, 14.7% and 12.1%.
• Historically, October has had some violent sell-offs but overall is typically the start of better seasonal performance for stocks.

The 10-year Treasury yield ticked lower Friday, under 1.5%. Earlier this week, the 10-year yield saw three-month highs above 1.567%. The government is set to release an inflation measure the Federal Reserve uses to set monetary policy. The core personal consumption expenditures price index in August is expected to rise 3.5% from a year earlier. That would be just slightly below the year-over-year increase of 3.6% in July, which tied a 30-year higher. Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell said this week that inflation pressures could last longer than expected, citing supply chain bottlenecks as key factor.

Congress prevented a government shutdown before Thursday’s midnight deadline. President Joe Biden signed a bill that funds federal operations through Dec. 3. Passing the so-called continuing resolution avoided one crisis. However, lawmakers still need to deal with another: a looming threat of default unless Congress raises or suspends the debt ceiling before Oct. 18. Democrats, who control both the House and Senate, tried to fund the government and suspend the debt ceiling as part of the same bill. Senate Republicans blocked the legislation, forcing Democrats to address the funding needs first.

Biden failed to break a Democratic stalemate that threatens his domestic agenda. A group of progressive House members and two centrist Democratic senators were still miles apart on key issues late Thursday. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi originally scheduled a vote on a Senate-passed bipartisan $1…